Dental veneers are becoming increasingly popular among patients looking to achieve the perfect smile. But what exactly are veneers, and how do you choose between their different types? In this text we will discuss the main varieties of dental veneers, their pros and cons, and the installation process. Learn how to choose the veneers that suit you and bring you confidence.
What Are Dental Veneers?
Dental veneers are thin overlays on the front surface of the teeth that help correct their color, shape, and minor defects. They effectively cover problems such as enamel yellowing, chips, cracks, and irregularities, creating a harmonious smile line. Veneers can be made from various materials, each with its own characteristics and lifespan.
Types of Dental Veneers
Composite Veneers
Composite veneers are made from a polymer material applied in layers directly onto the teeth. The main advantages of composite veneers are their affordability and the possibility of placement in a single dental visit. However, they are less durable than ceramic veneers and have a lifespan of 3 to 5 years. Over time, they may change color and require polishing.
Ceramic Veneers
Ceramic veneers are made from dental ceramic and provide a natural appearance due to the high transparency of the material. They are resistant to color change and can last 10–15 years without causing allergies. The main disadvantages include higher cost compared to composite veneers and irreparability. However, their durability and aesthetics make them one of the most popular solutions.
E-max Veneers
E-max veneers are made from lithium disilicate, a special type of ceramic that gives them additional strength and thinness compared to regular ceramic. They are virtually indistinguishable from natural teeth and highly resistant to chips and damage. These veneers have a lifespan of 10 to 15 years. Compared to regular ceramic, E-max veneers are thinner, preserving more of the natural tooth structure during installation. However, their cost is generally higher than standard ceramic veneers.
Zirconia Veneers (Multi-layer)
Multi-layer zirconia veneers are made from zirconium, known for its exceptional strength and durability. Thanks to their multi-layer structure, these veneers appear more natural, as each layer mimics different shades and translucency of a natural tooth. These veneers last 15–20 years and are resistant to chipping and discoloration, making them suitable even for individuals with high chewing loads. However, classic zirconia veneers are less aesthetic and require significant enamel reduction.
Stages of Veneer Installation
The dentist evaluates the condition of the patient's teeth and determines the most suitable type of veneers based on aesthetic and functional goals.
For ceramic or zirconia veneers, the teeth are prepared (a minimal layer of enamel is removed) so that the veneers do not protrude and look natural.
Impressions of the teeth are taken to create the veneers in the laboratory. Temporary veneers may be placed to protect the prepared teeth until the permanent ones are ready.
Once the veneers are ready, the dentist tests them on the patient's teeth to check fit, shape, and color. Adjustments can be made at this stage.
When both the patient and the dentist are satisfied with the result, the veneers are bonded to the teeth with dental cement. Final polishing and adjustments are made to achieve a perfect smile.
On average, the installation of ceramic or zirconia veneers takes 2-3 visits. Composite veneers, unlike ceramic or zirconia, can be installed in a single visit, as they are shaped and applied directly in the dentist’s office. This makes them a quick and affordable solution, but they are significantly inferior in durability and aesthetics.